Africa is the second-largest continent, home to over a billion people, diverse cultures, and vibrant landscapes. While many African countries have large populations, a few stand out for having much smaller populations.
These African countries might be small in population, but they’re rich in history and natural beauty.
1. Seychelles
Seychelles is the least populated country in Africa, with a population of around 132,779 people as of Friday, May 2, 2025, based on Worldometer’s elaboration of the latest United Nations data. This island nation, located in the Indian Ocean, is known for its beautiful beaches, clear waters, and luxurious resorts. Despite its small size and population, Seychelles attracts many tourists worldwide. The islands are rich in biodiversity and offer a peaceful retreat for those looking to escape the hustle of big cities.
2. São Tomé and Príncipe
São Tomé and Príncipe, an island nation off the western coast of Central Africa, had a population of just over 238,000 in January 2025. This small country is made up of two main islands and several smaller ones, and it is known for its lush rainforests, coffee plantations, and beautiful coastlines. The country has a quiet, laid-back atmosphere, perfect for travellers looking for a calm, natural environment.
3. Cape Verde
In 2025, Cape Verde, an island nation in the Atlantic Ocean, is estimated to have a population of approximately 527,326 at mid-year. It consists of 10 volcanic islands, each with landscapes ranging from sandy beaches to mountainous terrain. Cape Verde has a rich cultural history influenced by African and Portuguese traditions. Although a small country with a relatively low population, Cape Verde is known for its vibrant music, particularly morna and funaná. Tourism and remittances from Cape Verdeans living abroad are key to its economy.
4. Comoros
Comoros is another island nation located in the Indian Ocean. The estimated population of Comoros is 882,847 people in 2025. This figure is based on the latest United Nations data. Worldometer reports that the current population as of April 27, 2025, is 879,836.
This small country consists of three main islands and is known for its beautiful coral reefs, volcanic landscapes, and aromatic plants like ylang-ylang. Comoros is a mix of African, Arab, and French cultures, which are reflected in its language and traditions. The country is still developing and faces economic challenges, but its rich natural beauty and cultural diversity make it a special place.
5. Djibouti
Djibouti, located in the Horn of Africa, is estimated to have a population of around 1,184,076 in 2025.
This small country is strategically located near the Red Sea, making it an important transportation hub for ships passing through the Suez Canal. Despite its size, Djibouti has a diverse landscape, including deserts and salt lakes. The country is known for its peaceful stability in a region that has faced many conflicts, and its economy is growing, thanks to its ports and foreign military bases.
